Wisconsin Gazetteer 1853:
Names, Location, And Advantages Of The Cities, Towns,
Villages, Post-Offices And Settlements, Together With 
A Description Of The Lakes, Water Courses, Prairies, 
And Public Localities In The State Of Wisconsin-For 1853.
Alphabetically Arranged.

ABBEVIATIONS.-
C. H., Court House, or County Seat; 
L., Lake; 
Pr., Prairie; 
P. O., Post Office; 
P. V., Post Village; 
R., River; 
T, Town; 
V., Village.

[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] [ E ] [ F ] [ G ]
[ H ] [ I ] [ J ] [ K ] [ L ] [ M ] [ N ]
[ O ] [ P ][ Q ] [ R ] [ S ] [ T ]
[ U ] [ V ] [ W ] [ Y ]

LA BELLE, Lake, is the largest and lowermost lake of the Oconomowoc creek, on the east bank of which, is the village of Oconomowoc. It is nearly 3 miles long, and a mile and a half wide. It has a beautiful island near its centre.

LABICHE, Lake, in the eastern part of Chippewa county, discharges its waters through a river of the same name into the Manidowish.

LABICHE, River, rises in Flambeau-dore lake and Labiche lake, and running southwest discharges its waters through Manidowish river, into the Chippewa.

LABRAUGH, lake, (Oconomowoc Group), see Beaver lake.

LAC BRULE, is the source of the Wiscatota or Brule river of the Menominee.

LA CROSSE, County, is bounded on the north by Chippewa, on the east by Portage, Adams, and a portion of Sauk, and on the west by the Mississippi, by which it is separated from the territory of Minnesota. This county was set off from Crawford, and organized March 1, 1851, the seat of justice being established at La Crosse, on a beautiful prairie of the same name, on the eastern bank of the Mississippi, 90 miles above the junction of the Wisconsin, and on the line between townships 15) and 16 north. It is watered by Black and La Crosse rivers, and Mormon, Eagle and Billings' creeks, and the headwaters of the Lemonwier. Many of the streams are of pure water, with abundance of hydraulic power, abounding with speckled trout. The soil may be considered as first rate, and is mostly of vegetable mould, mixed with a sufficient quantity of sand to give it warmth. In the northeastern portion of the county is a heavy growth of pine timber, which is manufactured into lumber and shingles, the export of which amounts to $175,000 per annum. Near the head of some of the large streams are cranberry marshes, yielding in good seasons several hundred bushels per acre. The population in 1850, all of which was confined to Black river, was 460. In 1851, about 46,000 acres of school lands, known as a part of the 500,000 acre grant, was brought into market upon very reasonable terms, and many of the enterprizing and industrious inhabitants of the older counties have changed their residence to one in this. The increase of population has probably been greater during the last two years than in any other locality in the State. This county is connected with the nineteenth senate district, and forms a portion of the sixth judicial circuit, and of the second congressional district, and, with Chippewa, sends one member to the assembly. County Officers for 1853: County Judge, George Gale; Sheriff; A. Eldred; Clerk of Court, Robert Looney; District Attorney, Edward Flint; Register, Chase A. Stevens; Treasurer, F. M. Rublee; Surveyor, William Hood.

LA CROSSE, P. V. and C. H., in town and county of same name, on section 31, town 16 N., of range 7 W., 130 miles northwest from Madison. It is situated on a prairie 5 miles long and 3 wide, on the Mississippi river, immediately below the mouth of the Black and La Crosse rivers, and about equidistant between Galena and St. Paul. The prairie is high enough from the river to be free from all danger of innundation, and as a site for a village or city, is unsurpassed by beauty and natural advantages by any spot on the river. The first claim was made by I.. J. B. Miller and Nathan Myrick, who took up their residence in 1842. The Government survey was not made until 1847; John A. Levy opened a store in 1846, and the next year erected the first hotel. Nothing was done towards laying out the town until after the advent of Timothy Burns, now Lieutenant Governor of the State, to whom it is largely indebted for its present progress. A post office was established in 1844. The plat was surveyed in May 1851. In the second year of its organization, the town paid into the State treasury over $900. The population in March, 1853, in the village, was 543. It contains 4 stores of general assortment, 1 drug, 1 hardware, 1 furniture, 1 stove and tin, 3 groceries, 1 bakery, 1 livery stable, 1 harness, 4 tailor, 3 shoemaker shops, and mechanics of every description; 6 physicians, 6 lawyers, 4 clergymen, 3 religious societies, a division of the Sons of Temperance, a Free Masons' lodge, 1 church edifice, court house, steam saw mill and grist mill, and 5 hotels. La Crosse, from the advantages of its position, cannot fail to become one of the largest and most important places in the Northwest. The large extent of excellent farming land in the river vallies (sic), and the extensive pine country bordering on the Black river, will always furnish a large amount of business which will concentrate at this point, in addition to which, it is the natural depot through which the immense business of the Upper Mississippi must naturally pass. It has been selected as the terminus of a rail road from Milwaukee, and the route selected is the most feasible one from Lake Michigan to the Mississippi, north of Dubuque. Minnesota already contains a population of many thousands, and is settling rapidly. The large tract of lands recently acquired by treaty from the Sioux Indians, is situated directly opposite La Crosse, on the Minnesota side of the river, and possesses advantages for emigrants unsurpassed by any section of the country now open for settlement.

LA CROSSE, Town, in county of La Crosse, was, until recently, all of said county, south of town 17. It has 15 school districts.

LA CROSSE, River, (Mazwini or Ball river,) rises in the eastern part of county of the same name, and running southwest, empties into the Mississippi at the village of La Crosse, on the beautiful prairie of the same name.

LAC VIEUX DESERT, (Kattakittekon), is the name of a lake, the middle of which is the boundary line between this State and Michigan, between the northern corner of Marathon and Oconto counties. It is the source of the Wisconsin, and occupies a high level above the lakes. Upon this elevation are the sources of several large streams, the Ontonagon and Montreal of Lake Superior, the Menominee of Lake Michigan, and the Wisconsin and Chippewa of the Mississippi. This lake is about 4 miles long from north to south, and of very irregular shape. In the middle of it is an island which is made a point in the boundary between Michigan and Wisconsin.

LAFAYETTE, County, is bounded on the north by Iowa, on the east by Green, on the south by the State line, and west by Grant, and is 21 miles north and south, by 30 miles east and west. The country embracing the present county was set off by a division of Iowa county, and the formation of the counties of Lafayette and Montgomery, January 31, 1846, subject to the approval of the voters of said county, at the general election in September of the same year, at which election a majority voted against the " County Division Law." At the next session of the legislature, an act passed establishing the county of Lafayette, and it was organized February 4, 1847. The county seat has been a vexed question since the organization, but it has finally become established at the village of Shullsburg, a few miles southwest of the geographical centre. This county is more celebrated for its mining operations than for its agricultural products; simply, however, because the former has been prosecuted to the neglect of the latter. It is in connection with the fifth judicial circuit, and the second congressional district, and forms the thirteenth senate district, and sends 3 members to the assembly, viz: 1. Towns of White Oak Springs, Benton and New Diggings. 2. Towns of Shullsburg, Monticello, Gratiot, Wayne and Wyota. 3. Elk Grove, Belmont, Kendall, Center, Willow Springs, Fayette and Argyle. The Peckatonnica and Fevre rivers are the principal streams. The population in 1847 was 9,335; 1850, 11,556. Dwellings, 2,079; farms, 399; manufactories, 21. County Officers for 1853 and 1854: County Judge, Jas. H. Knowlton; Sheriff, Peter C. Meloy; Clerk of Court, D. W. Kyle; District Attorney, Hamilton H. Gray; Register, Elias Slothower; Clerk of Board of Supervisors, Thomas McMannus; Treasurer, Ephiraim Ogden; Surveyor, Thomas Bowen.

LAFAYETTE, P. O., in town of same name, Walworth county, being in town 3 N., of range 17 E.

LAFAYETTE, Town, in county of Walworth, being town 3, of range 17; centrally located, 5 miles northeast from Elkhorn. The population in 1850 was 1,008. It has 9 school districts.

LAGRANGE, P. V., in town of same name, Walworth county.

LAGRANGE, Town, in county of Walworth, being town 4 N., of range 16 E.; centrally located, 8 miles northwest from Elkhorn. The population in 1850 was 961. It has 9 school districts.

LAKE, Town, in county of Milwaukee, being town 6 N., of range 22 E.; centrally located, 4 miles south from Milwaukee. Population in 1850 was 1,474. It has 8 school districts.

LAKE ELLEN, is adjoining the village of Cascade, Sheboygan county. It abounds in fish, and covers an area of 320 acres.

LAKE EMILY, in the northeast part of town of Fox Lake, Dodge county.

LAKE HURON, is a small lake near the centre of town 20 N., of range 9 E., in Washington county. It covers about 200 acres.

LAKE KATTAKITTEKON, see Lac Vieux desert.

LAKE MARIA, a small lake in southwest corner of Mackford, Marquette county, and has its outlet into Grand river.

LAKE MARIA, P. V, on section 25, town 14 N., of range 12, Marquette county, 20 miles south from Dartford, 65 miles east of north from Madison, on the road from Watertown to the Pinery, 4 from Granville, 5 from Mackford, 8 from Kingston, and 10 from Marquette. Population 60; 10 dwellings, with Methodist, Baptist, and Presbyterian denominations.

LAKE MASON, in the southwest corner of Marquette county, discharges its waters into the Neenah river.

LAKE MILLS, Town, in county of Jefferson, being town 7 N., of range 13 E.; centrally located, 8 miles northwest from Jefferson. Population in 1850 was 884. It has 7 school districts.

LAKE MILLS, P. V:, on section 13, in town of same name, Jefferson county, 8 miles northwest from Jefferson, 26 miles east from Madison, at the outlet of Rock Lake, on the mail route from Madison to Watertown. Population 400; with 50 dwellings, 3 stores, 1 hotel, 1 church and several religious denominations, 1 iron foundry, 1 grist mill, 1 saleratus factory, 2 cabinet and 3 blacksmith shops.

LAKE NINE, in north part of Richmond, Walworth county.

LAKE OF THE HILLOCKS, in Marathon county, near the 45° north latitude, discharging its waters easterly into the Wisconsin, about half way between Big and Little Bull Falls.

LAKE OF THE HILLS, located in town 11 N., of range 8 E. It is nearly two miles long, and three-fourths of a mile in width

LAKE SARAH, forms the head waters of the Neenah, in the northeast corner of Columbia county.

LAKE VIEW, P. O., in town of Fitchburg, Dane county, on section 13, town 6 N., of range 9 E.

LAKE VIEUX DESERT, or Kattakittekon Lake, see Lac Vieux Desert,

LAKE WAUCOUSTA, two small lakes in Osceola, Fond du Lac county.

LAKE WINGRA, or Dead Lake, mostly on section 27, in Madison, Dane county, a mile long, and three-quarters of a mile wide.

LAMARTINE, Town, in county of Fond du Lac, being town 15 N., of range 16 E.; centrally located, 8 Miles west from Fond du Lac. Population in 1850 was 588. It has 9 school districts.

LAMARTINE, P. V., Fond du Lac county, on section 34 of town of same name. It has 2 stores, 1 hotel, and a Baptist church. It is 7 miles southwest from Fond du Lac city, and 67 miles northeast from Madison.

LANCASTER, Town, in county of Grant, being towns 4 and 5 N., of range 3 W., and is the county seat. It has 9 school districts There is I grist mill and 2 saw mills in the town, from three to four miles from the village; some of the most productive lead mines are in this town. There are large quantities of land yet unentered in the town, and the great fertility of the soil, convenience of building materials and fuel, of springs and brooks, offer inducement to settlers. Population about 1,500.

LANCASTER, P. V. and C. H., in town of same name, on section 3, town 4, near the geographical centre of the county, upon the edge of Boyce prairie, and in the most beautiful and healthy portion of the Mining region. The business and trade of the township, as also of the town of Fennimore, are concentrated at the village. Population 400; 75 dwellings, 1 drug, 4 dry goods and grocery, 1 tin and sheet iron, and 1 stove stores, 1 waggon, 3 smith, and 2 cabinet shops, 4 hotels, 1 Baptist church of brick, 1 Methodist and 1 Presbyterian church of wood, and an Episcopal church in progress of erection. Court house of brick, 40 by 56, with fire-proof offices for county purposes.

LANSING, P. F., in town of Freedom, Outagamie county.

LANSING, Town, in county of Outagamie, being towns 22 and 23 N., of range 17; centrally located, 10 miles north from Grand Chute. It has 1 school district.

LA POINTE, County, is bounded on the northwest and north by the State line, in Lake Superior, on the east by Marathon, on the the south by Chippewa and St. Croix, and west by Minnesota. It was set off from St. Croix Feb. 19, 1845. It was, and remained attached to Crawford for judicial purposes, until the complete organization of St. Croix, Feb. 26, 1849. The boundaries were changed 6th March 1849, and it was fully organized 9th Feb. 1850. The county seat is established at La Pointe, on the southeast end of Madeline Island, in Lake Superior, the oldest settlement in the State. The county is watered by Bois Brule, (Burnt Wood,) Mauvais, (Bad,) or Maskau rivers, and other small streams entering the lake from three to ten miles apart, and by lakes. The country, for a short distance along the margin of the lake, is low and wet; further south it is generally rolling. The western portion of the country is prairie land; and the soil being good and winters mild, offers great inducements to agriculturists. In the more eastern parts, the timber in most places is very thick, comprising white and yellow Norway pine, and the different species of oak, maple, birch, and the soft woods. The county is in connection with the nineteenth senate district, the sixth judicial circuit, and the second congressional district, and with St. Croix sends one member to the assembly. French missionaries visited this country as early as 1661. In 1850 the population was 489; 5 farms and 74 dwellings. R. D. Boyd is Register of Deeds, and Clerk of the Circuit Court and of the Board of Supervisors.

LA POINTE, P. V. and C. H., is situate (sic) on Madeline Island, in Lake, Superior, La Pointe county, at about town 50 N., of range 4 W. It has a bay nearly three miles across, capable of containing at anchor, secure from all winds, a numerous fleet of the largest class vessels, and is the favorite harbor of the lake. La Pointe was originally settled by the North Western Fur Company as the most eligible point for a depot and trading port on the lake. As a site for a town, and as a resort for health nd pleasure, La Pointe offers advantages equal to any other place in Wisconsin. It has the best fishing-grounds on the whole lake for trout, siscowet and white fish, or lake shad, more than one thousand barrels of which are packed annually at La Pointe. Tempered, as well in summer as in winter, by the vast expanse of water which surrounds it, and which, except at the immediate surface, is almost always at 40° Farnheit (sic), its climate is milder and more equable than any part of Wisconsin, whether it be on the mainland of Lake Superior, or further south on the Mississippi. Chiefly for this reason, but also on account of the bracing winds that sweep across the lake, Madeline Island is probably not surpassed, in point of health, by any locality throughout the entire western country.

LA POINTE, Town, in county of La Pointe, comprising the same. Population in 1850 was 598.

LA PRAIRIE, Town, in county of Rock, being town 2 N. of range 13 E.; centrally located, 6 miles southeast from Janesville. The population in 1850 was 37S. It has 6 school districts.

LAWRENCE, is the name of a town in the county of Brown.

LAWRENCE, Town, in Brown county.

LEACH Creek, a small tributary from the west of Baraboo river,. which it enters near its mouth.

L'EAU CLAIRE, Lake and Mills, on river of same name, in town 26 N., of range 13 W., in Chippewa county, also called Clearwater and O'Claire.

L'EAU GALLA, River, in St. Croix county, runs southeast, and empties into Chippewa river, in Chippewa county.

L'EAU CLARE, or O'CLARE River, in Chippewa county, a branch of Chippewa river from the west, in town 27 N.. of range 9 W.

LEBANON, Town, in county of Dodge, being town 9 N., of range 16 E.; centrally located, 12 miles southeast from Juneau. The population in 1850 was 1,031. It has 7 school districts.

LELAND'S MiLL, P. O., in town of Honey Creek, Sauk county.

LEMONWIER, Town, in county of Sauk; centrally located, north west from Baraboo. It has 3 school districts.

LEMONWIER, River, rises in La Crosse county, and runs southeast through Adams, emptying into the Wisconsin in town 15 N., range 5 E.

LEON, is the name of a new town in county of La Crosse.

LEROY, P. O., in Fond du Lac county.

LEROY, Town, in county of Dodge, being town 13 N., of range 16 E.; centrally located, 12 miles northeast from Juneau. The population in 1850 was 397. It has 4 school districts.

LEROYS, Town, in county of St. Croix.

LEWISTON, Town, in county of Columbia. It was set off by the County Board in November 1852.

LEWISTON, V., (BEAVER CREEK P. O.) in Columbia county, on section 21, town 13 N., of range 8 E. It is 45 miles northwest from Madison, and 7 miles northwest from Fort Winnebago. Population 350; 50 dwellings, 1 hotel, 5 stores, 1 Lutheran congregation. It is situated on the road from Portage city to Stevens' Point, in a good farming country, and well supplied with water and timber.

LEYDEN, P. V., in town of Janesville, Rock county.

LIBERTY, (recently the north half of Highland), Town, in county of Grant, being town 5 N., of range 2 W.; centrally located, 8 miles northeast from Lancaster.

LIBRTY, P. V., on section 25, Kenosha county, in town of Salem, 16 miles southwest from Kenosha, and 110 southeast from Madison, on the Racine and Wilmot plank road. It has 60 inhabitants, 1 0 dwellings, 2 hotels, 2 religious denominations, and several mechanics.

LIBERTY Prairie, Dane county, 2 miles south from Deerfield P.O.

LIMA, Town, in county of Sheboygan, being town 14 N., of range 22 E.; centrally located, 6 miles southwest from Sheboygan. It has 9 school districts. The soil is composed of sand and clay, and when properly tilled is very productive.

LIMA, Town, in county of Grant, being town 4 N., of range 1 W. - centrally located, 12 miles east from Lancaster. It has 8 school districts.

LIMA, P. 0., in town of same name, Rock county, on town 4 N., of range 14 E.

LIMA, Town, in county of Rock, being town 4 N., of range 14 E.; centrally located, 13 miles northeast from Janesville. Population in 1850 was 839. It has 9 school districts.

LIND, Town, in county of Waupacca, being town 21 N., of range 12 E.; centrally located, 15 miles from Mukwa. It abounds in prairie, timber and water, and is fast being settled by an agricultural population.

LIMD, P. V., in county of Waupacca, town of same name, on section 22, town 21 N., of range 12 E., 15 miles from Mukwa, and 100 miles north from Madison. Population 500; 100 dwellings.

LINDEN, Town, in county of Iowa.

LINDEN, P. V., in town of same name, Iowa county, 6 miles from Mineral Point. It contains 200 inhabitants, mostly miners The country is well adapted to agriculture.

LIN, Town, in county of Walworth, being town 1 N., of range 17 E.; centrally located, 8 miles southeast from Elkhorn. Population in 1850 was 805. It has 7 school districts.

LISBON, P. 0., in Waukesha county.

LISBON, Town, in county of Waukesha, being town 8 N., of range 19 E.; centrally located, 10 miles north from Waukesha. The population in 1850 was 1,010. It has 8 school districts. LITTLE BARABOO, Creek, rises in Richland, and runs southeast into the Baraboo river, near the centre of town 13 N., of range 3 E.

LITTLE BUTTE DES MORTS, Lake, an expansion of the Lower Fox just below the outlet of Lake Winnebago, it is nearly 5 miles long, and 1 mile broad.

LITTLLE (sic) CHUTE, P. V, Outagamie county, 5 miles below Appleton, on Fox river.

LITTLE CHUTE, P. 0., on Fox river, in Outagamie county.

LITTLE CHUTE, Rapids, of the Neenah river, 4 miles above Grand Kaukalin, with a fall of 31 feet in a distance of about 9,000 feet.

LITTLE ENINANDIGO, River, a tributary from the north of St. Croix river.

LITTLE GREEN, Lake, Marquette county, in southwest corner of Green Lake. It is two miles long and nearly one in width, and forms a tributary to Grand River. It is 4 miles south of Green Lake, and is noted for the purity of its water.

LITTLE KAUKAULIN, Rapids, is on the Neenah river, 5 miles above Depere, at which place the navigation has been improved by a dam.

LITTLE OTTER, Creek, a small tributary from the west of Peckatonnica, into which it empties in the town of Centre, Lafayette county.

LITTLE PRAIRIE, P. O., in town of Troy, Walworth county.

LITTLE PLATTE, River, rises in Clifton, Grant county, and runs southwest, emptying into Platte river, in Paris.

LITTLE PLOVER, River, a tributary from the northeast, entering the Wisconsin at Plover.

LITTLE QUINNESEC, Falls, of the Menominee river, at which place is a fall of 35 feet in an extent of 250 feet. At these Falls the river is contracted to 85 feet in width.

LITTLE ROCHE-A-GRIS, River, in east part of Adams county, runs west into the Wisconsin, in town 17 N.

LITTLE, River, is a considerable tributary from the north of Oconto river.

LITTLE STURGEON, Bay, on east shore of Green Bay, in Door county, near line between towns 27 and 28 N.

LITTLE SUAMICO, River, rises in range 18, and runs east, in town 26, entering Lake Michigan.

LITTLE SUGAR, Creek, rises in the northwest corner of Green county, and running southeast into Sugar River at Albany.

LITTLE TAIL, Pointe, name given to a point of land extending into Green Bay from the west, near the line between Brown and Oconto counties.

LITTLE WISCONSIN, River, a tributary from the northeast of the Wisconsin, in Marathon county.

LITTLE WOLF, River, a tributary of Wolf river, from the west, which it enters near the line between Outagamie and Waupacca counties.

LODI, Town, in county of Columbia, being town 10 IN., of ranges 8 and 9; centrally located, 12 miles south from Portage city. It has 3 school districts. The soil is well adapted to farming and raising of stock; the surface is rolling.

LODI, P. V., on section 27, town 10 N., of range 8 E., in town of same name, Columbia county. It is 16 miles south from Fort Winnebago, 20 miles northwest from Madison, and 4 miles from the head of Spring Creek. Population 150; 20 dwellings, 4 stores, 2 hotels, 2 flouring mills, 1 saw mill, 1 shoe, blacksmith, waggon, chair, cooper and harness shops; and Presbyterian, Baptist, and Methodist organizations.

LOMIRA LAKE, P. 0., in town of Lomira, Dodge county, being town 13 N., of range 17 E.

LONG, Lake, a small Lake in the east part of Osceola, Fond du Lac county, is two and one half miles long, and is the source of the Milwaukee river.

LONG TAIL, Pointe, name given to a point of land extending into Green Bay from the west, in town 25 N., of range 20 E., in Brown county.

LOST, Lake, a small lake in the north part of Calamus, Dodge county. LOuISA, Town, in the county of Dodge, being town 13 N., of range 17; centrally located, 14 miles north-east from Juneau, The population ii 1850() was 653. It has 8 school districts.

LOWELL, Town, in county of Dodge, being town 10 AN., of range 14 E.; centrally located, 12 miles southwest from Juneau. The population in 1850 was 835. It has 8 school districts.

LOWELL, P. V., Dodge county, on section 15 of town of same name, located S miles southwest from Juneau, and 38 miles northeast from Madison. It is on Beaver Dam river, 10 miles south from Beaver Dam. Population 200; 35 dwellings, 2 stores, 2 hotels, 1 saw, 1 grist mill; and Baptist and Methodist denominations.

LOWVILLE, Town, in county of Columbia, being town 11 N., of range 10 E. Population in 1850 was 297. It has 4 school districts.

LOWVILLE, P. V., on section 32 of town of same name, 14 miles southeast from Portage city, and 22 miles north from Madison, on the stage route from Madison to Fort Winnebago; also on the nearest and best road from Madison to Stevens' Point and the Wisconsin Pinery. It is in a region of first rate improved farms. Population 40; 7 dwellings, 1 hotel, 1 school house; and Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian congregations.

LYNDON, Town, in county of Sheboygan, being town 14 N., of range 21 E.; centrally located, 14 miles southwest from Sheboygan. It has 11 school districts.

LYONS, P. V., on section 10, town 2 N., of range 18 E., in town of Hudson, Walworth county, is pleasantly situated on White river, the outlet of Geneva Lake, at the point where it is crossed by the main road from Geneva to Racine via Burling,ton. It is 9 miles southeast from Elkhorn, and 75 miles from Madison. Immediately adjacent to the village, above and below, are extensive water powers, one of which has been improved by the erection of a flouring mill of three run of stones, and a saw mill, both doing, a flourishing business. The other power remains unimproved, and offers great in inducements, as it is unsurpassed in capacity by any privilege in this part of the State. Population 130; dwellings 30, 2 stores, 1 hotel, and 1 religious denomination.

MADISON, Town, in county; of Dane, being town 7 N., of range 9 E. The population in 1850 was 1,871. It has 4 school districts.

MADISON, Village, the capital of Wisconsin, and seat of justice of the county of Dane, is situated on sections 13, 14, 23 and 24, in town of same name, at the geographical centre of the county, and midway between Lake Michigan and the Mississippi river, being about 80 miles from each. It is widely noted for the beauty, health and pleasantness of its location, which is on an isthmus about one mile in width, lying between the Third and Fourth Lakes. The surface is somewhat uneven, but in no place too abrupt for building purposes. From either lake it rises to ant altitude of about fifty, feet, and is then depressed and elevated alternately, making the site of the village a series of gently undulating swells. The State house, a substantial edifice of lime-stone, is built, at the corners of the sections, in the centre of a square park, containing fourteen acres, covered with a luxuriant growth of native oaks, and upon the highest point between the lakes, overlooking each and the surrounding village. It has a large hall through the centre, and contains all of the State offices-the state library, the legislative chambers, and several committee rooms. The corners of the Capitol square are to the cardinal points of the compass, and from each of them a street extends, terminating, excepting the western, in the water. The streets are all straight, sixty-six feet wide, and, with the exception of those just described, are parallel to the sides of the Capitol square, and, consequently, diagonal with the meridian. From the centre of each side of the park, and at right angles with it and the principal streets, broad avenues, eight rods wide, extend completely across the town plat. At the termination of the street leading from the western corner of the park, and one mile directly west from the Capitol, on College Hill, near the shore of Fourth Lake, and in the middle of a park of fifty-five acres, commanding an extensive view of the town, lakes, and surrounding country, the buildings of the University of Wisconsin are located. Near the southern corner of the Capitol square, the Court House of Dane county, a large structure of lime-stone, containing commodious rooms for courts and county officers, is built. About a mile from the northern corner of the Capitol park, on the shore of Fourth Lake, at its outlet, is the best flouring mill in the State, and other machinery, owned by L. J. Farwell, present Governor of Wisconsin. Near the eastern corner of the square, the Post Office, Bank, Hotels, Stores, and other business stands, are located. The site of the town was located as early as 1833 by James Duane Doty, afterwards Governor of the Territory, and more recently member of Congress; and the village plat was made out by his direction in 1836. A large addition to this plat was laid out in 1850, near the University, known as the "University Addition." Another addition has just been surveyed, on the northeast, by Governor Farwell, by whom it is owned. Several causes operated to retard the prosperity of Madison until 1847, since which time it has gradually and healthfully increased in growth, wealth, and population. Several rail roads are in progress of construction to this place, one at least of which will be completed during the present year, and the others soon after. From its location in the centre of a large agricultural district, having no important rival within a circle of forty miles, and being the permanent Capital of the State, and the seat of the richly endowed University, Madison has special advantages that cannot fail to make it a commanding business point, and a large and flourishing town. To the man of business, the merchant and manufactories, there are offered great inducements to settle in this thriving and rapidly increasing community. The retired merchant-the student-the lover of the picturesque seeking a healthy and pleasant location for a home, is presented the refreshing breezes and pure air of the lakes-the beautiful scenery, unrivalled in any country-the quiet of a country residence, united with the social advantages and the excitements of a city, while the great abundance of game in the prairies and openings, and the variety of fish in the lakes and streams, afford a relaxation to all in pursuit of health or pleasure. As the Capital of the State, the shire town of the county, it becomes the great centre of public business, calling together, at frequent intervals, people from all parts of the State and county, at the annual meetings of the legislature, at the session of the courts, the convocations of political conventions, and the sessions of the different benevolent societies of the day. The present population of Madison is about 3,500, with 700 dwellings, 26 stores, 15 groceries, 11 taverns, 2 large printing offices, and a book bindery; a grist mill, with eight run of stone, 3 saw mills, an iron foundry, a woollen factory, an oil mill, 2 steam planing mills, a hominy mill propelled by steam; a bank, the first organized in the State; three churches, with three others to be built during the present season; and mechanical shops of all kinds.

MADORA, V., on section 11, town 10 N., of range 7 E., being in town of Lodi, county of Columbia. It lies on the Wisconsin river, at the mouth of Spring Creek; contains 1 hotel, 1 warehouse, 2 saw mills, and 2 flouring mills in contemplation. The water power is a superior one.

MAGNOLIA, Town, in county of Rock, being town 3 N., of range 10 E.; centrally located, 15 miles west from Janesville. It is settled by New-Yorkers. The population in 1850 was 1,871. It has 7 school districts, and 7 well-finished frame and stone school houses, a good water power, 6 feet head, with 1 grist and 1 saw mill. The face of the country is generally undulating, with burr oak openings and prairie advantageously mixed. It is well watered by springs of the best and purest quality. The soil is a sandy loam, on a subsoil of yellow clay, and is excellent grass land. Large quantities of grass seed, of a superior quality, is annually produced and shipped East. The town boasts of having some of the best improved stock farms in the State.

MAGNOLIA, P. V., in town of same name, Rock county, being on sections 22 and 23, town 3 N., of range 10 E. It has 15 dwellings, 1 tavern, 1 store, 4 mechanics' shops, 1 church, and 1 stone school house.

MAIDEN'S Rock, on east bank of Lake Pepin, in Chippewa county, on section 2, town 23 N., of range 16 W.

MAKWA, Bake, the most northern lake on Red Cedar river.

MANCHESTER, Town, in county of Calumet. It has 4 school districts.

MANIDOWISH, Lakes, are a chain of lakes in north part of Marathon county, tributary to the Chippewa river, through river of same name.

MANIDOWISH, (MANITOISH or DEVIL'S), River, rises in lake of same name, running southwest, empties into Chippewa river, of which it is the largest tributary.

MANITOU, River, see East River, Brown county.

MANITOWOC, County, is bounded on the north by Brown and Kewaunee, on the east and southeast by the State line in Lake Michigan, on the south by Sheboyan, and on the west by Calumet and a portion of Outagamie. It was set off from Brown, December 7, 1836; organized and attached thereto for judicial purposes, December 17, 1836; fully organized, March 2, 1848. The northern boundaries were somewhat changed February 9, 1850. The seat of justice is established at Manitowoc Rapids, on Manitowoc river, 3 miles from its mouth, and a few miles east of the geographical centre of the county. The general formation of the surface is moderately undulating, and in some parts very agreeably diversified with hills and valleys. The soil is good and well watered, with springs and creeks, and is well adapted to tillage and grazing. The county is densely timbered with maple, oak, elm, birch, ash, pine, and hemlock. The county forms a part of the fourth judical circuit, of the thirtieth congressional district, and of the first senate district. It sends one member to the assembly. The population in 1840 was 235; 1842, 263; 1846, 629; 1847, 1,285; 1850, 3,713; at present estimated, 7,000. Dwellings, 16; farms, 37; and manufactories, 22. County Officers for 1853 and 1854: County Judge, Ezekiel Ricker; Sheriff, D. H. Van Valkenburg,; Clerk of Court, Frederick Salmon; District Attorney, J. H. W. Colby; Register of Deeds, Fred. Salomon Clerk of Board of Supervisors, Charles A. Reiter; Treasurer, Wm. Bach; Surveyor, Fayette Arnsby; Coroner, Lyman Emmerson. MANITOWOC, River, has its origin in two branches; the one heading at near the southern extremity of Lake Winnebago, and the other near the north western part of the same, in Calumet county; unite near the southeast corner of town 19 N., of range 20 E., draining about 400 square miles of lands. It runs nearly east, entering Lake Michigan at the village of Maanitowoc, and is navigable to the village of Manitowoc Rapids, 5 miles from its mouth.

MANITOWOC, P. V., is beautifully situated at the mouth of the Manitowoc river, on Lake Michigan, 90 miles below Milwaukee. Its present population is about 2,000, and is rapidly increasing. Its harbor, the best natural one on the lake west, is being improved through an appropriation by Congress. The county seat of the county has been lately located here, and an appropriation made for the erection of county buildings. It has 1 pier, 4 warehouses, 12 stores, 2 steam saw mills, 6 blacksmith and waggon, 3 shoe, and 3 tailor's shops; 2 ship yards, at which shipbuilding is carried on to consider able extent; 4 hotels, and 2 school houses; it has Episcopalian, Presbyterian, Methodist, and Catholic congregations the first has built a fine church, and the others have arranged for suitable sites, and will soon erect churches. Large quantities of lumber, manufactured on the river above, are sold and shipped here every year, from which considerable revenue is derived yearly. As soon as the plank road, which is being built between this place and Menasha, is finished, Manitowoc will become the depot of considerable trade of the Fox River Valley, and a place of importance as a commercial point. The rail roads projected from this place north and west, connecting with roads in the interior, will undoubtedly be built.

MANITOWOC, Town, in Manitowoc county.

MANITOWOC RAPIDS, P. V., is situated at the Rapids of Manitowoc river, in Manitowoc county, 4 miles west from Lake Michigan. The river at this place furnishes a good hydraulic power, which is improved, and used for several manufacturing purposes.

MANITOWOC RAPIDS, Town, in Manitowoc county.

MANLY, Lake, a small lake in the south part of Farmington, Washington county.

MAPLE GROVE, Town, in Manitowoc county.

MAPLETON, P. O., in town of Oconomowoc, Waukesha county, 22 miles northwest from Waukesha, on the Ashippun river, at which place are good mills.

MARATHON, County, is bounded on the north and northeast by the State line, east by Waupacca and Oconto, south by Portage, and on the west by Chippewa and La Pointe. It was established from Portage, and fully organized February 9, 1850. Wausau, at Big Bull Falls on the Wisconsin river, about 20 miles north from the south line of the county, is the seat of justice. It is celebrated for its extensive regions of pine timber, and the production of pine lumber, rather than for agricultural pursuits. The mills in Adams, Portage, and Marathon, cut nearly sixty millions feet per annum. The county forms a part of the first senate and of the second congressional districts, and of the third judicial circuit, and, with Portage, sends one member to the assembly. County Officers for 1853 and 1854: Judge, Wm. H. Kennedy; Sheriff, Thos. Minton; Clerk of Court, Asa Lawrence.

MARATHON, Town, in county of Marathon, comprising the whole of the same. The population in 1850 was 466.

MARCELLON, P. V., in town of same name, Columbia county.

MARCELLON, Town, in county of Columbia, being town 13 N., of range 10; centrally located, 8 miles from Portage city. The population in 1850 was 405. It has 4 school districts.

MARCY, P. O., in Waukesha county.

MARINE MILLS, P. O., in Polk county, 9,niles below the Falls of St. Croix.

MARION, Town, in county of Waushara, being town 18 N., of range 11.

MARION, P. V., in town of Paris, Kenosha county.

MARKESAN, P. O., in Marquette county, 16 miles from Montello.

MARQUETTE, County, is bounded on the north by Waushara, east by Winnebago and Fond du Lac, on the south by Dodge and Columbia, and on the west by Adams, and is 24 by 30 miles square. It was set off from Brown, December 7, 1836, and was organized and attached to Brown, for judicial purposes, January 22, 1844. It was fully organized July 31, 1848. The bounds of the county were extended March 6, 1849. Of late the subject of the county seat has created considerable excitement, and the question is now being litigated between the villages of Dartford, on the north side of Green Lake, in the eastern portion of the county, and Marquette, on the south side of Puckawa Lake, in the southern portion of the county. The county is celebrated for its good lands, deep lakes, fine water powers, and its industrious and thrifty inhabitants. It is watered by Fox liver (Neenah) and its branches. The county is attached to the twenty-third senate, to the third congressional districts, and to the third judicial circuit, and, with Waushara, constitutes two assembly districts, as follows: 1. Towns of Berlin, Brooklyn, Pleasant Valley, Middleton, Mackford, Albany and Green Lake, in the county of Marquette, and the county of Waushara; 2. All that portion of Marquette county, being west of the range line between ranges 10 and 11 E., and the town of Marquette and Kingston, in the county of Marquette. The population in 1840 was 18; 1842, 59; 1846, 986; 1847, 2,264; including Waushara, 1850, 8,642; 237 farms, 9 manufactories, 1,747 dwellings. County Officers for 1853 and 1854: Judge, John S. Horner; Sheriff, James C. Potter; Clerk of Court, Dominic Devenna; Register of Deeds, J. Edmund Millard.

MARQUETTE, Town, in county of same name. It has 5 school districts.

MARQUETTE, P. V. and C. H., (?) on south side of Puckawa Lake, Marquette county.

MARSTON, is the name of a new town in county of Sauk.

MARTIN,'S Creek, rises in town 22 N., of range 23 E., Kewaunee county, is about 7 miles in length, emptying into East Twin river.

MASKAU, River, see Mauvaise River, of La Pointe county.

MASHKEG, River, see Mauvaise River, of Lake Superior.

MAUVAISE, Creek, a small stream, about 9 miles in length, entering East Twin river, between Benton and Martin's creek.

MAUVAISE, (BAD or MASHKEG), River, La Pointe county, a considerable stream tributary to Lake Superior, rises in Kagine Lake, near the head waters of the St. Croix, and enters Lake Superior about 15 miles west from Montreal river.

MAYVILLE, P. V., Dodge county, on section 23, town 12 N., of range 13 E, in town of Williamstown, 12 miles northeast from Juneau, and 65 miles northeast from Madison. It is situated on the principal branch of Rock river, and possesses the superior advantages of good water power, iron ore, timber, and a good soil.

MCCARTNEY'S Creek, a small stream in Waterloo, Grant county, entering the Mississippi.

MEGHAN,River, rises in the northern portion of Waushara county, and runs southeast into Fox river, which it enters near the line between towns 15 and 16 N.

MEDINA, Town, in county of Dane, being town 8 N., of range 12 E.; centrally located, 16 miles northeast from Madison. It has 7 school districts.

MEEKER, P. O., in town of Germantown, Washington county.

MEGIDCHEQUE, or Namebin Lake, La Pointe county.

MEMEE, Creek, rises in Manitowoc county, runs south between and nearly parallel to the lake shore and Sheboygan river, Enters the lake a few miles northeast of the mouth of the latter.

MEMEE, P. O., in Manitowoc county, on section 14, town 17 N., of range 22 E., being in the town of Memee, 15 miles south from Manitowoc, and 130 miles from Madison.

MEEME, Town, in Manitowoc county.

MENASHA, P. V., is situated at the outlet of Lake Winnebago, on the north side of the northern channel. It is now a place of some ten or twelve hundred inhabitants, and possesses all the advantages for a large town. Its hydraulic power is very great, and has been improved with great rapidity. There are now in operation upon it, 2 grist mills, 5 saw mills, 1 large tub and pail factory, which occupies a building 40 by 60 feet, and 3 stories high, 2 cabinet and chair manufactories, 2 sash and blind establishments, 1 large iron foundry, 1 brewery, and there is also an extensive pottery which turns out large quantities of the best kind of ware, pronounced, by those who are conversant with such matters, equal to the best Ohio stone ware-and the clay of which it is made is found in the immediate vicinity in inexhaustible quantities. The place contains 4 taverns, and the usual number of shops and stores. Hon. Curtis Reed commenced the settlement of the place in July, 1849, and has since been the leading spirit of the place. A plank road connects this place with Appleton and Grand Kaukauna; and one is also in progress of construction to Manitowoc, on Lake Michigan, and will be completed during the present season. The State Improvement and U. S. Land Offices are located here; and an appropriation of $5,000 has been made by Congress for the construction of a light house. A daily line of steam boats connect with Fond du Lac, and the Fox and Wolf rivers.

MENIMI, Lake, one of the sources of the St. Croix, in La Pointe county.

MENOM, Lake, an expansion of Neenah river immediately above Buffalo Lake, in Marquette county.

MENOMONEE, Town, in county of Waukesha, being town 8 N., of range 20 E.; centrally located, 12 miles northeast from Waukesha. The population in 1850 was 1,340. It has 7 school districts.

MENOMONEE, River, (of Milwaukee,) rises in the southern part of Washington county, and runs southeast through a town of same name in Waukesha county, and the towns of Granville, Wauwatosa and Milwaukee, enters Milwaukee river, in the city of Milwaukee.

MENOMONEE, River, rises near the head waters of the Wisconsin, and running southeast, forming the line between the States of Michigan aid Wisconsin, enters Green Bay, at about the middle of the western shore. This river passes a large quantity of water into Green Bay, but owing to its rapidity and falls is not navigable except for canoes. The banks of the Menomonee are covered with a heavy growth of excellent and fine timber. Its valley contains much good land.

MENOMONEE, Creek, rises near the northeast corner of Jamestown, Grant county, and runs southwest into the State of Illinois.

MENOMONEE, diggings, a mining, point at the corners of town 1 and 2, N., of ranges 1 and 2 W.

MENOMONEE FALLS, P. 0., in Waukesha county.

MENOMONEE, Falls, on river of same name, 15 miles from Milwaukee, at which place is a descent of 40 feet in half a mile.

MENOMONEE Mills, P.O., in Chippewa county.

MENOMONEE, Rapids, are rapids in the river of same name.

MENTOR, P. 0., in Sheboygan county.

MENTOR, P. O., in Waukesha county.

MEQUON, Town, in county of Washington, being towns 9 N., of range 21 and fraction 22 N.; centrally located, 12 miles southwest from Ozaukee. The population of 1850 was 2,148. It has 14 school districts.

MEQUON, River,; rises in the northwest corner of town of same name, and runs east, uniting with the Milwaukee river, at the village of Mequon.

MEQUON RIVER, P. V., in county of Washington, on section 23, of the town of Mequon, town 9 N., of range 21 E., on the Milwaukee and Fond du Lac plank road, 15 miles southwest from Ozaukee, and 90 miles easterly from Madison. population 160; with 20 dwellings, a good school house, and various mechanics.

MERRIT'S Mill, on the Wisconsin river, near the southwest corner of town 22 N., of range 5 E., in Portage county.

MERTON, Town, in county of Waukesha, being town 8 N., of range 18 E.; centrally located, 15 miles northwest from Waukesha. The population in 1850 was 1,763. It has 8 school districts.

METOMEN, P. V., is on section 10, in town of same name, being town 15 N., of range 14 E. It is in Fond du Lac county, 20 miles west from the county seat, with which it is connected by a plank road, and is 65 miles northeast from Madison. It has 250 inhabitants; with 2 stores, 3 hotels, and 2 mills; 2 churches, and 5 religious denominations. It is a good location for a woollen factory, as much attention is paid to the raising of sheep in the vicinity.

METOMEN, Town, in county of Fond du Lac, being town 15 N., of range 14 E.; centrally located, 18 miles west from Fond du Lac. The population in 1850 was 756. It has 9 school districts.

MICHICONI, Lake, forms a portion of the head waters of the Manidowish branch of the Chippewa river.

MICHIGAN, Lake, the eastern bounds of the State, is the only one of the great chain of inland seas that lies wholly within the United States. It is estimated to have a length of about 320 miles, and a mean or average breadth of 70 miles-having, therefore, an area of 22,400 square miles, exclusive of Green Bay. The surface of Lake Michigan is 578 feet above the level of the Ocean, and its mean depth is estimated at 1,000 feet. The bottom is, therefore, about 400 feet below the Ocean level. Its greatest width is opposite Milwaukee, where it is nearly 100 miles. The length of coast of this lake, in Wisconsin, from the State of Illinois to the north point of Rock Island, at the entrance of Green Bay, is 257 miles.(Lapham)

MIDDLE MILLS, P. O., in Chippewa county, town 28 N., of range 13 W. Population, 300; with 1 mill, 2 stores, and 1 hotel.

MIDDLETON, P.O., in town of same name, Dane county.

MIDDLETON, Town, in the county of Dane, being town 7 N., of range 8 E.; centrally located, 8 miles west from Madison. It has 6 school districts.

MIDDLETON, Town, Marquette county, see Dayton.

MIFFLIN, P. V., in town of same name, Iowa county, formerly called Black Jack, consiSts of two small villages, from a half to three-fourths of a mile apart, containing about 200 inhabitants, principally miners. It has 4 stores, 1 grist mill, and 1 smelting furnace. A large branch of the West Peckatonnica flows through both villages. The country around is mostly prairie. It is 11 miles west from Mineral Point.

MIFFLIN, Town, in the county of Iowa.

MILLAR, P. V., on section 9, town 3 N., of range 16 E., in the town of Sugar Creek, Walworth county. It is 7 miles north west from Elkhorn, 60 miles southeast from Madison, on the east side of Sugar Creek prairie. Population 100, with 15 dwellings, 1 store, and Baptist church.

MILL CREEK, a small stream entering the Neenah, in the town of Grand Chute, Outagamie county.

MILFORD, Town, in county of Jefferson, being town 8 N., of range 15 E.; centrally located, 12 miles north from Jefferson. Population in 1850 was 728. It has 6 school districts.

MILLVILLE, P. V., in town of Patch Grove, Grant county, on the Wisconsin river, in town 6 N., of range 6 W.

MILTON, Town, in county of Rock, being town 4 N., of range 13 E.; centrally located, 14 miles northeast from Janesville. Population in 1850 was 1,032. It has 8 school districts.

MILTON, P. V., in town of same name, in Rock county, on section 27. It is S miles northeast from Janesville, and 36 miles southeast from Madison. Population 400, with 40 dwellings, 5 stores, 3 hotels, 2 churches, 3 societies, and 1 academy of about 70 scholars. It is 60 miles southwest from Milwaukee, on the line of the M. & M. R. R., with a branch to Janesville.

MILWAUKEE, City, the county seat of Milwaukee county, and the largest town in the State, is situated in town 7, of range 22, E., and near the mouth of the river of the same name, and on the shores of a bay, or indentation of Lake Michigan, some six miles between the outer point., and two and one half to three miles in width, affording deep water at all times, and good holding ground for vessels at anchor. The river comes from the north in a direction parallel with the lake shore, the land rising from the lake is almost perpendicular bluffs, and descending gradually to the bed of the river. On the west, the land rises again to a considerable height. Within the limits of the corporation, the Menomonee river comes in fro mn the west, and joins the Milwaukee, about a mile from its present mouth. Piers were erected some years since by the United States Government, at the mouth of the river; but the citizens have long felt the necessity of dispensing with the circuitous route which the river takes through the low grounds near its mouth, and have projected a cut through an isthmus of some 200 feet in width between the river and lake, and the erection of piers at that point, thus forming a new harbor or opening into the river. There is always water enough in the river for the largest class of lake craft, as far up as the mills, some two miles from its mouth. Recently, (May, 1853,) the citizens have voted a loan of $50,000, to be expended in connection with a Government appropriation of $15,000, in the improvement of the harbor.. Milwaukee was laid out as a village in 1835. Its rapidity of growth may be seen from the following, giving the population for the years mentioned: In 1838, 700; 1840, 1,751;, 1842, 2,700; 1846, 9,655; 1847, 14,061; 1849, 18,000; 1850, 20,061. Tile above presents a rate of increase unparalleled in. the history even of the rapidly growing West. At present, the population is estimated at over 25,000 souls. A dam is thrown across the Milwaukee river, near the north limits of the city, and a canal is conducted from it parallel with the stream, affording an abundant water power; the present capacity of which may be increased at comparatively small expense. Five large flouring mills, one woollen factory, oil mill, pail factory, and numerous machine shops, are situated upon this water power, and are accessible to vessels of the largest class. The town of Milwaukee was incorporated as a city by the territorial Legislature, January 31, 1846, with five wards; and the first election under the charter was held on the first Tuesday of April succeeding. Solomon Juneau, who, as an Indian trader, had first built his cabin on the site of the city, and remained for many years the only white settler, was chosen the first mayor. The number of buildings elected in 1850 was 325, at a cost of $369,000. Since that time the city has greatly enlarged its borders, and increased in the number and quality of its buildings. The color of the brick used being a light cream, with their excellent quality, add very much to the appearance of the city. Great taste is exhibited in the architecture. of many of the dwellings and blocks of stores; some of the latter rivalling any buildings of the kind west of New York. Seven daily newspapers, four in English and three in German, are published in the city. All of these publish weekly editions, and most of them tri-weeklies. There are, besides, two other weeklies, and two monthly publications issued. The public schools of this city are under the charge of a board of three commissioners from each ward. A commodious brick edifice has been erected in each ward for the purpose, at an average cost of about $5,000. A large portion of the children of the city receive gratuitous instruction in these schools. Besides these, there are numerous private academies and schools, among which may be mentioned the Milwaukee University Institute, which is incorporated with a University charter-the Milwaukee Female College, for which a very tasteful and extensive brick building has been erected-the Spring street Female Seminary-the Milwaukee Commercial and English School-the Milwaukee Academy, &c. For the last mentioned, a commrodious brick building is erected and in use. There are in Milwaukee 35 church organizations, and nearly 30 churich edifices. In 1852 there were 29 organizations, of the following denominations: 2 Baptist, 2 Congregational, 4 Roman Catholic, 3 Protestant Episcopal, 1 Norwegian Lutheran, 6 German Protestant, 3 Methodist Episcopal, 5 Presbyterian, 1 Universalist, and 2 Wesleyan Methodist. Among the associations for various objects and purposes, there were last year in operation a City Bible Society, Tract Society, 2 Musical Societies, 3 Orphan Asylums, 2 Benevolent Societies, several Literary Associations, 5 Odd Fellows' Lodges, 3 Masonic Lodges, 2 Temperance Divisions, besides numerous Insurance and other Companies, belonging more appropriately to business matters. Eight Fire Companies constitute that department, well supplied with the necessary machines, and it is conducted with efficiency and harmony. The city is lighted with gas, supplied from extensive works erected in 1852. The United States District Court holds its sessions in this city. The Circuit and County Courts also hold several terms during the year; and a Municipal Court will probably be soon established. Several consul ships for German States. are located in Milwaukee. for the benefit of the very large number of Germans who arrive at Milwaukee and other Wisconsin ports, and settle within the State. During, the past three years, much has been done to increase the facilities of intercourse between Milwaukee and the interior of the State. Several plank roads stretch out in various directions, there being now near 200 miles constructed and in operation. The Milwaukee and Mississippi railroad is completed as far as Janesville, 71 miles, and is under contract from Milton, 8 miles northeast from Janesville to Madison, to be completed by the 1st January, 1854, whence it is to run westward to Prairie du Chien, on the Mississippi, at the month of the Wisconsin. Other roads are chartered, and portions of them contracted, or ready for contract, as follows: Green Bay, Milwaukee and Chicago, running north and south. The portion of this road, south of Milwaukee, is expected to be complete within 18 months.-Milwaukee and Beloit, (chartered;) about 70 miles in length, but the connection can be made through other roads in half that distance.-Milwaukee and Watertown, under contract to Watertown, 46 miles north of west, to be extended to Portage city immediately, and thence to La Crosse on the Upper Mississippi.-La Crosse and Milwaukee, nearly in the same direction as the last named, passing through Dodge county. A large amount of stock subscribed, and the enterprise in energetic hands. —Milwaukee, Fond du Lac and Green Bay, fully organized by the subscription of stock, and with a prospect of early completion. These several lines of railway, once completed, will make Milwaukee the business centre of a very rich and rapidly growing region of country. Measures are now presented with energy for the building of a railroad across the State of Michigan, which, in connexion with the Canadian system of roads, will place Milwaukee on almost an air line route from the northwest to the great Eastern cities. The value of articles manufactured in the city in the year 1852, was over $2,000,000. Tonnage of vessels owned in the city, 8,548. Number of arrivals at the port in 1852, about 1600; and departures the same. Of principal articles, the following quantities were exported during the year 1852, viz: flour, 88,597 bbls.; wheat, 394,386 bushels; barley, 345,620 bushels; oats, 428,800 bushels; rye, 67,759 bushels; hogs, live and dressed, 1,771,314 lbs.; pork, 19,603 bbls.; bacon, 188,286 lbs.; beef, 7,773 bbls.; eggs, 54,000 doz.; butter, 80,000 lbs.; saleratus, 150,000 lbs.; mill feed, 300 tons; hops, 11,625 lbs.; brick, 700,000; wool, 321,121 lbs.; hides, 12,990 lbs.; flax, 4,211 lbs.; broom corn, 270 tons; ashes, pot and pearl, 3,291 casks; grass seed, 5,852 bbls.; furs, 139 bales; lead and shot, about 1,000,000 lbs.; staves, dressed, 189,000, &C. &C.

MILWAUKEE, County, is bounded on the north by Washington, east by the State line, south by Racine, and west by Waukesha. It was established and set off from Brown, Sept. 6, 1834, and fully organized. Its original limits extended from the south and east lines of the present State of Wisconsin north to the north line of township 12, and west to the line between the Green Bay and Wisconsin land districts, which was established June 26, 1834, and was " a north and south line drawn from the northern boundary of Illinois, along the range line next west of Fort Winnebago to the Wisconsin river," or the range line between ranges 8 and 9 E. The seat of justice is established at the city of Milwaukee. This county was originally covered with a heavy growth of hard timber. The soil is good and well adapted to the raising of grain and to gardening. The streams are the Milwaukee, Menomonee, and Root rivers and Oak creek. This county is in the second judicial circuit and the first congressional district. Its legislative representation is as follows: The first and second wards of the city of Milwaukee, and towns of Wauwatosa, Milwaukee and Granville, constitute the fifth senate district. The third, fourth, and fifth wards in the city of Milwaukee, and the towns of Greenfield, Lake, Oak Creek and Franklin, constitute the sixth senate district. The first ward in the city of Milwaukee constitutes an assembly district. The second ward in the city of Milwaukee constitutes an assembly district. The third ward in the city of Milwaukee constitutes an assembly district. The fourth ward in the city of Milwaukee constitutes an assembly district. The fifth ward in the city of Milwaukee constitutes an assembly district. The towns of Franklin and Oak Creek constitute an assembly district. The towns of Greenfield and Lake constitute an assembly district. The town of Wauwatosa constitutes an assembly district. The towns of Milwaukee and Granville constitute an assembly district. County Officers for the years 1853 and 1854: Judge, Horatio N. Wells; Sheriff, Herman L. Page; Clerk of Court, Matthew Keenan; District Attorney, A. IR. R. Butler; Register of Deeds, Charles J. Kern.

MILWAUKEE, Town, in county of same name, being fractional towns 7 and 8 N., of range 22 E.; in which is located the city of Milwaukee. The population in 1850 was 1,364.

MILWAUKEE, Falls, on the Milwaukee river, near the mouth of Cedar river, in Washington county.

MILWAUKEE, River, has its source in the towns of Eden and Osceola, Fond du Lac county, and running southerly, through Washington county, unites with the Menomonee, at Milwaukee city, and enters Lake Michigan.

MINERAL, Creek, is a tributary from the Wisconsin, from the south, in Iowa county. It rises near Dodgeville.

MINERAL POINT, P. V., county seat of Iowa county, contains about 2,500 inhabitants and is rapidly increasing. It has 5 churches, 4 smelting furnaces in operation, and the value of mineral raised in crude state is $500,000 per annum; 11 dry good stores, 5 groceries, 3 drug stores, and 1 book store. Inhabitants are mostly miners. It is surrounded by a rich farming country; is the terminus of the Mineral Point railroad from the Illinois state line to Mineral Point, a distance of 31 1/2 miles, where it intersects the central railroad. A branch of the Peckatonnica runs near the village, affording water power.

MISHCOTT, P. O., in Manitowoc county.

MISSISSIPPI, River, "The Father of Waters," is the most important stream in the United States. Its entire length, according to Nicollett's Report to Congress, is 2,986 miles; about 275 miles of this distance forms the western boundary of Wisconsin. The principal tributaries of the Mississippi in this State are the St. Croix, Chippewa, Trempeleau, Black, and Wisconsin.

MITCHELL, P. V., in county of Sheboygan.

MITCHELL, Town, in county of Sheboygan, being on section 12, town 14 N., of range 20 E.; centrally located, 20 miles southwest from Sheboygan. It has 4 school districts.

MOMINIKAN, Lake, on Red Cedar river.

MONCHES, P. O., in Waukesha county.

MONTFORT, P. O., (Village of Wingville,) on section 24, town 6 N., of range 1 W., 18 miles northeast from Lancaster, and 50 miles west from Madison, on a high and beautiful prairie on the thoroughfare from Madison to the Mississippi, and is surrounded by a rich and fertile farmig country, which is becoming rapidly improved. Population 100, with 30 dwellings, 2 hotels, 2 stores, a melting furnace, and a Methodist church.

MONISH, Lake, in Waukesha county. See Denoon Lake.

MONROE, C. H. and P. V., in town of same name, Green county, on section 35, town 2 N., of range 7 E. It is 40 miles south from Madison. Population 900, with 200 dwellings, 7 stores, 3 hotels, 2 mills, 4 waggon, 5 blacksmith, 4 cabinet, 4 shoe and 4 carpenter shops, 1 broom and 1 chair factory, 2 lath saws, and several turning lathes connected with machinery at the mills, 1 Methodist and 1 Christian church. Monroe is situated on the direct route from Janesville to Dubuque and Galena, 35 miles from the former, and 50 miles from the latter place. It is surrounded by a rich farming country and large tracts of the best quality of timber. The location is very healthy. The flouring mill runs 4 run of stone, and, with the saw mill, is driven by steam.

MONROE, Town,, in county of Green, being town 2 N., of range 7 E., in which is located the county seat. Population in 1850 was 1,146. It has 7 school districts.

MONTELLO, P. V., in Marquette county, on section 16, of town 15 N, of range 10 E., 19 miles west from Dartford, and 47 miles north from Madison, at the mouth of Montello river, and the outlet of Buffalo Lake. It possesses an excellent water power, having a fall of 14 feet, with sufficient water at all seasons of the year to carry five run of stone. It has all the advantages of the navigation of Neenah river. Population 200, with 50 dwellings, stores, 2 hotels. 1 mill, 1 church, and several mechanical and manufacturing shops.

MONTELLO, town, a county of Marquette, being town 15 N., of range 10. It has 3 school districts.

MONTELLO, River, rises in the northwest corner of Marquette county, and running southeasterly, empties into the Neenah river at the foot of Buffalo Lake.

MONTEREY, P. O., in Oconomowoc, Waukesha county, on Ashippun creek.

MONTEVILLE, Town, in county of La Crosse.

MONTEZUMA, P. V., in town of Jefferson, Green county, being in town 1 N., of range 8 E.

MONTICELLO, P. V, on section 7, town 3 N., of range 8 E., in Green county. It is situated on the Madison and Monroe, and Beloit and Mineral Point stage routes, near the centre of the county, with a fine farming country surrounding it, and possesses a fine water power. It is 10 miles north of Monroe, and 30 miles south from Madison. Population 100, with 18 dwellings, 1 store, 1 hotel, 1 saw mill, 1 tin and sheet iron, 1 waggon and 1 cabinet shop; 1 Methodist Episcopal denomination.

MONTICELLO, Town, in Lafayette county.

MONTREAL, Bay, in La Pointe county, on the southern shore of Lake Superior, at the mouth of Montreal river.

MONTREAL, River, rises near the head of the Wisconsin and Ontonagon rivers, west of Lake Vieux Desert, and running quite rapidly northwesterly, enters Lake Superior at Montreal Bay, forming a portion of the boundary line between Michigan and Wisconsin, (La Pointe county.)

MONTROSE, Town, in county of Dane, being town 5 N., of range 8 E.; centrally located, 15 miles southwest from Madison. It has 7 school districts.

MORMAN, Creek, rises in range 5 W., La Crosse county, and runs westerly in township 15 N., entering the Mississippi.

MORRISON's Creek, a small branch of Platte river, in Highland, Grant county.

MOUNDVILLE, Settlement, in Iowa county, one mile west of Blue Mounds P.O.

MOUNDVILLE, P. O., in Marquette county, 12 miles from Montello.

MOUNDVILLE, Town, in county of Marquette.

MOUNTAIN ISLAND, River, see Tempeleau river.

MOUSE, Lake, is between Okauchee and Pine lakes, on the Oconomowoc river, in Waukesha county.

MOUNT HOPE, residence of R. M. Meigs, on section 1, in Ottawa, Waukesha county, adjoining village of Waterville.

MOUNT MORIAH, this name has been given to an elevation of land near Grand River, in the town of Kingsboro', Marquette county.

MOUNT MORRIS, Waushara county, an elevation in the south part of the town of Ontario.

MOUNT MORRIS, Town, in county of Waushara, being town 19 N., of range 11.

MOUNT PLEASANT, Town, in county of Racine, being town 3 N., of range 22 E.; centrally located, 6 miles west from Racine.

MOUNT PLEASANT, Town, in county of Green, being town 3 N., of range S; centrally located, 8 miles northeast from Monroe. Population in 1850 was 579. It has 7 school districts.

M0UNT PLEASANT, P. O., in town of same name, Green county, being in town 3 N., of range S E.

MOUNT STERLING, P. V., in Crawford county, on section 26, town 10 N~., of range 5 W.

MOUNT TREMPELEAU, a bluff about 500 feet high, at the mouth of the river of the same name, in Jackson county, having a beautiful and extensive view of the surrounding country.

MOUNT TOM, in Marquette county, in the town of Pleasant Valley.

MOUNT VERNON, P. V., on the town line between Primrose and Springdale, in Dane county, 17 miles southwest from Madison. It is a flourishing village, with a healthy situation, in the valley of Sugar River, surrounded by a fine farming country producing grain of all kinds in great abundance, and well adapted to grazing and wool growing; and occupied by an industrious and enterprizing population. It has several good hydraulic powers, an excellent stone quarry, and good mate. rial for making brick. Taking into consideration the many advantages of this place, and the distance to other villages, together with the fact, that the land in the county is owned by actual settlers, it is destined, ere long, to assume an important place among the rapidly growing towns of Wisconsin.

MUD, Lake, a small lake in the town of Shields, Dodge county.

MUD, Lak, in Columbia county, a widening of the Neenah river, 5 miles below the Portage.

MUDDY, Creek:, a branch from the north of Chippewa river, in town 26 N., of range 12 W.

MUDDY, Creek a small stream entering the Mississippi, at Cassville, Grant county.

MUKWA, P. V. and C. H., on section 20, town 22 N., of range 14 E., on Wolf river, in Waupacca county.

MUKWA, Town in county of Waupacca.

MUKWANAGO, P. V., situated on section 26, in town of same name, Waukesha county, 16 miles south from Waukesha, and 70 miles east from Madison, near the entrance of the Mukwanago creek into the Fox (Pishtakee) river. It is on the Milwaukee and Janesville plank road, and is the market town of an excellent farming region of land. The population is about 500, with, 75 dwellings, 2 hotels, 5 stores, a large flouring mill, and a variety of mechanics.

MUKWANAGO, Town, in county of Waukesha, being town 5 N., of range 18 E.; centrally located, 10 miles south from Waukesha. Population in 1850 was 1,094. It has 8 school districts.

MUKWANAGO, Lake, an expansion of Pishtakee river, about two miles in length, in Waukesha county.

MULLET, River, rises in a small lake in Fond du Lac county, and running easterly into Sheboygan river, in Sheboygan county, it enters just above the Falls.

MUSCLE, Lake and River, are on the western head waters of the Wisconsin, in Marathon county.

MUSCODA, Town, in the county of Grant, being the north half of town 7 N., of range 1 W., and all of the country embraced in towns 8 and 9 N., of ranges 1 and 2 W.; centrally located, 22 miles northeast from Lancaster. It has 2 school districts. This town was organized in 1852.

MUSCODA, P. V., Grant county, in town of same name, is located on section 1, town 8 N., of range 1 W., on the southern bank of the Wisconsin river, being in the northeast corner of the town and county. It possesses a good site for a town, being on a beautiful prairie, heretofore known as English prairie, 10 feet above the level of high water mark. The river bank is composed of sand stone from the base to within seven feet of the top. The soil is a black vegetable loam, very productive. It is located 30 miles northeast from Lancaster, and 80 miles west from Madison, 45 miles from the mouth of the Wisconsin, and 25 below Helena. Population 250, with 50 dwellings, 3 stores, 2 hotels, and various branches of industry.

MUSKEGO, P. V:., in town of same name, Waukesha county, town 5 N., of range 20 E.

MUSKEGO, Town, in county of Waukesha, being town 5 N., of range 20 E.; centrally located, 10 miles southeast from Waukesha. The population in 1850 was 1,111. It has 8 school districts.

MUSKEGO, Creek, Waukesha county, rises in lake of the same name, and empties into Fox River at Rochester.

MUSKEGO, Lake, in town of same name, in the southeast part of Waukesha county, is nearly four miles long, and more than a mile wide.

MUSKEGO, River, is a tributary from the west of the'Menomonee river, which it enters near Big Quinesec Falls.

MUSKEGO CENTRE, P. O., in town of Muskego, Waukesha county.

MUSQUEWOC, Lake, in the west part of West Bend, in Washington county, is about 31 miles long, and three-fourths of a mile wide.

MUSKOS, River, is a tributary from the west of the Menomonee river, which it enters near Big Quinesec Falls.